Most historians accept that islam originated in mecca and medina at the start of the 7th century ce, approximately 600 years after the founding of christianity, with the revelations received by the prophet muhammad. Within 100 years, an arab empire based on islamic beliefs had developed. Inquiry by amanda armstrong rahko which lead most to the spread of islam. The word islam means submission in arabic, which is the religions main language of prayer. Byzantine empireeastern portion of the roman empire which lasted beyond the fall of the western roman empire 2. At the beginning of the seventh century, islam was a religion practiced by a small band of persecuted believers in mecca. Islam, the quran, and the five pillars all without a flamewar. Seven years after the death of muhammad in 639 ad, an arab army invaded egypt, and within two generations, islam ha d expanded across north africa and all of the. Sswh5 the student will trace the origins and expansion of the islamic world between 600 ce and 0 ce b.
Students will label and color different aspects of the islamic empire such as. What effect did trade routes and travel have on the spread of islam. The byzantine empire and islam map of the byzantine empire name. Afri ca, progress and problems, mason crest publishers, 2007, p. But islams spread in western democracies is a recent trend and one that is accelerating. Educational materials on the spread of islam student handouts. The holiest places in the islamic world are in mecca, medina both in saudi arabia, and jerusalem. Next to each city, write the region in which it was located.
The trajectory of the military expansion of islam is not dissimilar to the mongol conquests of timur or genghis khan. But islam s spread in western democracies is a recent trend and one that is accelerating. Percentages indicate the approximate share of the population that is muslim. Beliefs and practices of islam the main teaching of islam is that there is only one god, allah. In the 600s, a religion called islam is luhm began in the mountainous area of western arabia known as the hejaz hej az. Islam teaches that there is good and evil, and that each individual is responsible for the actions of his or her life. Jul 18, 2012 islam, the quran, and the five pillars all without a flamewar. Muslims regard islam as a return to the original faith of the.
Chapter focus read to discover how islam developed around the teachings of. Muslim political groups, or to illustrate the expansion of an empire. Islamic world consolidation and expansion 14051683. Ap world history class notes ch 14 the expansive realm of. Feb 03, 20 contentsintroduction 6 balkans, cyprus, and crete 15002000 118foundational beliefs and practices 14 muslim minorities in china 122geophysical map of the muslim world 16 the levant 15002002 124muslim languages and ethnic groups 20 prominent travelers 128late antiquity before islam 24 britain in egypt and sudan in the 19th century. Identify the muslim trade routes to india, china, europe, and africa and assess the economic impact of this trade.
The mosque was just one of the many impressive buildings constructed in cordoba. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The origins of islam islam was a religion founded in the 7th century ad by muhammad, an arabian merchant from the city of mecca. Ap world history the expansion of islam october 22, 2012 ira lapidus between the 7 th and centuries islam spread widely from its origins in arabiawest through much of north africa and southern spain, and east to large portions of asia.
By the end of the seventh century, the religions name was attached to an empire that ranged from the atlantic ocean to india. Islamic expansion keys to understanding the middle east. In the course of its history islam spread beyond the middle east to other regions of the world, most notably south and. Ap world history the expansion of islam coach herbert. The byzantine empire and islam 6th grade social studies. Watch this video rise of islam islam unit page use holt ch. In north africa, anatolia, the balkans, and india, so these are regions that we arent showing on this map, those happened later on outside of the period depicted in this map, it was carried out by nomadic arab or turkish conquerors. The spread of islam worksheet warren township schools.
One of the distinctive features of the islamic tradition is its rapid expansion into a large and diverse civilization, soon becoming divided into several centers of political authority. After the death of timur in 1405, power began to shift from migrating peoples to sedentary populations living in large centralized empires. Left no clear successor or heir the position of caliph is established 1st four are called the rightly guided caliphs abu bakr 1st caliph close friend 1st to convert outside of family sought to protect and spread islam. The rise of islam history map, timeline and full historical narrative the timemap looks at how the islamic religion spread so far and so fast. Legal and social reforms were introduced, islamic judges were appointed in all the large districts of the empire, and justice was administered according to muslim principles rather than traditional african laws. Contentsintroduction 6 balkans, cyprus, and crete 15002000 118foundational beliefs and practices 14 muslim minorities in china 122geophysical map of the muslim world 16 the levant 15002002 124muslim languages and ethnic groups 20 prominent travelers 128late antiquity before islam 24 britain in egypt and sudan in the 19th century. Commodities traded included such goods as salt, gold, and ivory. Create a key that will show the expansion of each by shading each territory and the corresponding box, a different color.
Islam with its first major triumph, and africa became the first safe haven for muslims and the first place islam would be practiced outside of the arabian peninsula. Islamic world islamic world consolidation and expansion 14051683. Muslim conquests following muhammads death led to the creation of the caliphates, occupying a vast geographical area. Pdf with the goal of outlining the major historical events that led to the genesis of the modern. Moreover, the spread of islam was not limited to its miraculous early expansion outside of arabia. The rise of islam map exercise you will need the following colored pencils. In north africa, anatolia, the balkans, and india, so these are regions that we arent showing on this map, those happened later on outside of the period depicted in this map, it was carried out. In north africa, anatolia, the balkans, and india, so these are regions that we arent showing on this map, those happened later on outside of the period depicted. The history of the spread of islam spans about 1400 years. Expansion of islamic civilization religious literacy project. In africa also, islam has spread during the past two centuries even under the mighty. Islam is one of the worlds major religions with close to 1 billion followers. The world of islam is a set of ten maps that will expand your audiences understanding of the historical expansion, geographic spread, current growth, and cultural diversity of the muslim world. Islamic conquest of the maghreb world civilization.
Beginning in the early 7th century, the spread of islam began with the life of prophet muhammad continuing until his death in 632. Historians have often debated the causes for this extraordinary expansion of islam. Lastly, islam appealed to southeast asia because it allowed inland peoples to integrate with coastal populations in an expansion of trade. Islam blended with each regions culture that it spread to.
Lightly shade like with a colored pencil countries with more than 60% muslim populationuse the same color for all. Spread of islam strategies, timeline and current status. These maps illustrate the rapid expansion of the islamic rule during the first 125 years following the flight of mohammed from mecca to medina in 622 the. Abbasid provinces during the caliphate of harun alrashid 786 to 809 the mediterranean in the ninth century. The expansion of islam iralapidus between the seventh and thirteenth centuries islam spread widely from its origins in. It is also one of the fastest growing religions in the world. Became head of the state, chief judge, religious leader, military commander, allinone. The five pillars to be a muslim, all believers have to carry out five. As we mentioned in the section on arabics influence, above, the expansion of islam entailed integrating arabic into local cultural milieus. Islam was the first outside religion to penetrate central asia, which stirred the interest of the turks, huns, and indoeuropeans. It is quite easy to map the large territory ruled by different. The early caliphs and the umayyad dynasty 1 the caliph a.
The rise and fall of muslim empires in the middle east over 0 years from the early 600s to the 1900s. Upon muhammads death, abu bakr served as caliph deputy b. It covers the rise of the huge islamic empire from its origins in arabia, to its conquests of the middle east, north africa, spain and western india. Roolvink, atlas of the middle east the middle east in the sixth century. Sudan region bordering the southern sahara to islam, he remodeled his empire along islamic lines as far as possible. The initial phase was painstaking, with many reverses, before the unification of the warring tribes of arabia in a religious polity, which was followed. Most of this expansion had been achieved through conquest. The history of islam concerns the political, social, economic and cultural developments of islamic civilization. Jan 05, 2014 the rise and fall of muslim empires in the middle east over 0 years from the early 600s to the 1900s. This spread of islam in western democracies is led by the muslim brotherhood and other islamic groups. In the centuries leading up to the birth of muhammad, christianity had become the dominant faith of the mediterranean and its message was quickly spreading to other regions of the world via the major trade routes of the era. Map the expansion of each of the seven groups that contributed to the expansion of islam umayyads, abbasids, seljuk turks, ottomans, moguls, muslims in spain, and arab merchants. Islam does, however, have a scholar class called the ulama.
The attack on the world twin towers and the pentagon in 2001 d. The ulama includes religious teachers who apply the words and deeds of muhammad to everyday life. Ira lapidus writes, the expansion of islam involved different factors in different regions. Historians have often debated the causes for this ex traordinary expansion of islam. After about 1683, when the last ottoman campaign against vienna failed, the great empires for which this period is so famous began to shrink and weaken, just as western europeans. Muslim expansion in the time of muhammad abbasid provinces during the. As a result of islamic expansion, people of many different ethnic groups, speaking many different languages, intermingled. Sources of authoritythe original source of authority for muslims is allah. It controlled an area larger than that of the roman empire. Chapter title the changing map of the islamic world. The perrycastaneda library map collection of the university of texas at austin. Arab expansion and the spread of islam into the maghreb pushed the development of transsaharan trade. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Discuss the spread of islam and identify how the caliphs maintained authority over conquered territories key points the expansion of the arab empire in the years following the prophet muhammads death led to the creation of caliphates, who occupied a vast geographical area and sought converts to islamic faith.
In 627, the umayyads of mecca and the muslims of medina met in a final confrontation in what became known as the battle of the trench, or khandaq in arabic. The orthodox sunnis represent the largest sect of islam. During the centuries that followed, however, the expansion of islam was accomplished primarily through trade and the conversion of people by islamic missionaries. Chapter 4 the spread of islam norco intermediate school. All other beliefs and practices follow from this teaching. Lightly shade like with a colored pencil countries with more than 60%. Lightly shade like with a colored pencil countries with more than 60% muslim population. The religion of islam the origins of islam introduction 1.
Abd alwahhabs followers would rigorously propagate islam and support the idea of jihad, understood as a struggle for true religion, expelling. According to islamic belief, allah expressed his will through the angel gabriel, who the. Lesson 2 the spread of islam world history for us all ucla. Eastern orthodox churchchristian church which was created in 1054 because of differences with christianity in the western roman. Ever since muhammad s troops fanned out from mecca in the 7th century, islam has been spreading globally. Islam kim terms 16 3 geography and life in arabia read 3. Though restricted due to the cost and dangers, the trade was highly profitable. These early caliphates, coupled with muslim economics. Wahhabism, salafism and the expansion of islamic fundamentalist ideology 141 power to achieve its goals sfeir 2007, 36. There are five main reason islamic cultures spread. Arabiawest through much of north africa and southern spain, and east to large portions of asia. Use map c, later spread of islam, to locate the cities below.
Educational materials on the spread of islam student. Islam shook the foundations of byzantium and persia, the two most powerful civilizations of the time. Islam began in the arabian desert and within a century stretched from india to the atlantic ocean. In the course of its history islam spread beyond the middle east to other regions of the world, most notably south and southeast asia and subsaharan africa through merchant communities and sufi orders sing.